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Introduction to Marine Engineering
Massachusetts Maritime Academy
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Front Matter
1
Safety
1.1
Hazards in the workplace
1.1.1
Slips, Trips and Falls
1.1.2
Mechanical Hazards
1.1.3
Electrical Hazards
1.1.4
Chemical Hazards
1.1.5
Fire
1.1.6
Fatigue
1.1.7
Confined Spaces
1.2
Hazard Mitigation
1.2.1
Safety Management
ISM Code
SOLAS
OSHA & 29CFR
1.2.2
Job Hazard Analysis
1.2.3
Permit to work
1.2.4
Lockout-Tagout
1.3
Personal Protective Equipment
1.3.1
Head Protection
1.3.2
Eye Protection
1.3.3
Hearing Protection
1.3.4
Respiratory Protection
Air-purifying Respirators
Atmosphere-supplying Respirators
1.3.5
Arm and Hand Protection
1.3.6
Foot Protection
1.4
Personal Safety
2
Engineering Measurement
2.1
Units of Measurement
2.1.1
Length
A Brief History
Length Units
Length Measuring Instruments
Unit Conversions
Example
Example Problem
3
Introduction to Thermodynamics
3.1
Force
3.2
Pressure
3.2.1
Head
3.2.2
Atmospheric Pressure
3.2.3
Gage Pressure
3.2.4
Absolute Pressure
3.2.5
Vacuum
3.2.6
Pressure Conversions
3.3
Energy
3.3.1
Mechanical Energy
Work
Power
3.3.2
Thermal Energy
Temperature
Internal Energy
Heat
Enthalpy
Units of Measurement
Heat Transfer
Sensible Heat and Latent Heat
Specific Heat
3.4
Energy Transformations
3.4.1
Conservation of Energy
3.4.2
Transforming Heat to Work
3.4.3
Energy Relationships in the Shipboard Propulsion Cycle
3.5
The Generation of Steam
4
Introduction to Electricity
4.1
Fundamental Concepts
4.1.1
Charge
4.1.2
Current
4.1.3
Voltage
4.1.4
Sine Waves
4.1.5
Resistance
4.1.6
Reactance
4.1.7
Power
4.1.8
Ohm’s Law
4.1.9
Faraday’s Law
4.2
Electrical Components
4.2.1
Power Source
4.2.2
Ground
4.2.3
Load
4.2.4
Conductors
4.2.5
Resistors
4.2.6
Insulators
4.2.7
Switches
4.2.8
Capacitors
4.2.9
Inductors
4.2.10
Diodes
4.2.11
Transistors and ICs
4.2.12
Protective Devices
4.3
Electrical Circuits
4.3.1
Series Circuit
4.3.2
Parallel Circuit
4.3.3
Wye Circuit
4.3.4
Delta Circuit
4.3.5
Circuit Faults
4.4
Electrical Equipment
4.4.1
Measuring Instruments
4.4.2
Batteries
4.4.3
AC Generators
4.4.4
Induction Motors
4.4.5
Variable Frequency Drives
4.4.6
Motor Controllers
4.4.7
Transformers
4.4.8
Solenoids
4.4.9
Electrical Distribution System
5
Piping Systems
5.1
Pipe and Tubes
5.1.1
Pipe Materials
5.1.2
Pipe Size
5.1.3
Pipe Connections
Welded Connections
Flanged Connections
Threaded Connections
Soldered and Brazed Connections
Compression Connections
Quick Connect Fittings
Glued Connections
5.1.4
Pipe Fittings
Pipe Nipples
Unions and Couplings
Elbow Fittings
Tee Fittings
Caps and Plugs
Adapters
5.2
Valves
5.2.1
Globe Valves
5.2.2
Gate Valves
5.2.3
Check Valves
5.2.4
Plug-type Valves
5.2.5
Butterfly Valves
5.2.6
Pressure Relief Valves
5.3
Pumps
5.3.1
Head
Suction Head
Discharge Head
Net Static Head
5.3.2
General Pump Classifications
By Displacement Characteristics
By Delivery Characteristics
By Suction Characteristics
5.3.3
Types of Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
Reciprocating Pumps
Rotary Pumps
5.4
Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
6
Diesel Propulsion
6.1
Combustion Engines
6.2
Gas vs. Diesel Engines and Otto vs. Diesel Cycle
6.3
Engine Construction and Components
6.4
Two Stroke vs. Four Stroke
7
Steam Propulsion
7.1
Basic Steam Cycle
7.1.1
Generation
7.1.2
Expansion
7.1.3
Condensation
7.1.4
Recovery
7.1.5
Rankine Cycle
7.2
Steam Propulsion System
7.2.1
Boiler
7.2.2
Steam Drum
7.2.3
Dry Pipe
7.2.4
Superheater
7.2.5
Stop Valves
7.2.6
Strainer
7.2.7
Throttles
7.2.8
Turbines
7.2.9
Main Condenser
7.2.10
Condensate pump
7.2.11
Heat Exchangers
7.2.12
DC Heater
7.2.13
Feed Pump
7.2.14
Feed Valves
7.2.15
Economizer
8
Electrical Propulsion
8.1
Overview
8.2
Generators
8.2.1
Description
8.2.2
Excitation System
Exciter
Pilot Generator
Voltage Regulator
8.3
Propulsion Converters
8.3.1
Description
8.3.2
Drive Cabinets
Process Control (PRC)
Converter Local Control (CLC)
Converter Cooling (CCU)
Pre-charging (PRE)
DFE – Diode Front End Section (DFE)
DC Capacitor Section (DCC)
Inverter (INV)
Inverter Local Contol (ILC)
AC Output (AC OUT)
8.4
Propulsion Motors
8.4.1
Description
9
Auxiliary Systems
9.1
Lubrication Systems
9.1.1
Requirements of a Lubrication System
9.1.2
Rotating Machinery
9.1.3
Axial and Radial Bearings
9.2
Fuel oil Systems
9.3
Cooling Systems
9.4
Refrigeration
9.5
Fresh Water
9.6
Sewage Treatment
10
TS Patriot State
10.1
Principle Dimensions
10.2
Deck Plans
10.3
Main Engines
10.4
Ship’s History
Section
4.4
Electrical Equipment
Electricity is a versatile form of energy that is used for a wide range of purposes in modern society. In this chapter we introduce a few of the most important electrical equipment used aboard ship and briefly describe how they work.
4.4.1
Measuring Instruments
4.4.2
Batteries
4.4.3
AC Generators
4.4.4
Induction Motors
4.4.5
Variable Frequency Drives
4.4.6
Motor Controllers
4.4.7
Transformers
4.4.8
Solenoids
4.4.9
Electrical Distribution System
